Prof. Amos Frumkin of the Fredy & Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences and his colleagues uncovered a network of underground tunnels from the Middle Ages under Gan HaShlosha (Sakhne), which was used for sugar mills in the Mamluk period. Using geological analysis and radiometric dating, the researchers identified a sophisticated engineering system that produced energy from the flow of brackish spring water. The article was published in Water History.

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Mamluk startup nation? 15th-century water tech boosted sugar industry in Israel's north | The Times of Israel